CSPII Commentary: A fatwa published 1 month ago by a Bengali institutional Islamic fatwa and research website argues that when a “Sharia-ruled state” fights a secular state, Muslims must side with and assist the Sharia state and, when necessary, join its fighting. The duty can extend progressively to Muslims worldwide and identifies fundraising, political and media support, military research, and coordinated travel to fight as possible forms of assistance. This is an explicit present-day religious instruction concerning the 2026 Afghanistan–Pakistan conflict, directed against a government and military denounced as secular. This shows the attitude that can be taken towards Muslims not deemed to be Islamic enough, and explains how jihad can be (and frequently is) directed towards Muslims.